Species

Schoenus carsei

Etymology

Schoenus: rush

Current Conservation Status

2018 - Threatened - Nationally Critical

Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2012
The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2012 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS). This report includes a statistical summary and brief notes on changes since 2009 and replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Authors: Peter J. de Lange, Jeremy R. Rolfe, Paul D. Champion, Shannel P. Courtney, Peter B. Heenan, John W. Barkla, Ewen K. Cameron, David A. Norton and Rodney A. Hitchmough. File size: 792KB

Previous Conservation Status

2012 - Threatened - Nationally Endangered
2009 - Threatened - Nationally Endangered
2004 - Gradual Decline

Qualifiers

2012 - RR, TO
2009 - DP, RR, SO, Sp

Authority

Schoenus carsei Cheeseman

Family

Cyperaceae

Flora Category

Vascular - Native

Structural Class

Sedges

Synonyms

None

Distribution

Indigenous. Present In Australia. In New Zealand confined to the North Island where it is now known from North Cape to Hinehopu mire in the Rotorua Lakes district. It formerly grew at Ngaere Swamp (Taranaki)

Habitat

Coastal, lowland to montane. Usually in moderately fertile to acid wetlands. Often on the margins of burn pools or other slow moving water channels, where it often grows in association with Baumea rubiginosa, B. teretifolia, Tetraria capillaris and Empodisma minus. Occasionally associated with the margins of small ephemeral dune ponds.

Features

Stout rush-like sedge of mid-acid to acidic peat bogs and mires. Rhizomes short, 3 mm diam., covered in closely appressed red-purple bracts. Culms 600-900 mm, c.1 mm diam., densely tufted light green, grass-green to orange-green. Leaves reduced to brown, mucronate sheaths, the uppermost mucro often elongating greatly, mouth of sheath not ciliate. Panicle 80-150(-220) mm long, very slender, fascicles distant, of 3-4 branchlets, subtended by short sheath similar to those of culm base; branchlets filiform, flexuous, simple or branched again. Spikelets single at tips of branchlets, 7-10 mm, 2-flowered, very narrow, compressed, linear lanceolate, grey-brown. Glumes 5-7, imbricating, lanceolate, acute, hyaline except near midrib, margins not ciliate, 3-4 lower glumes, upper most glume empty. Hypogenous bristles 0(-3), minute. Stamens 3. Style-branches 3. Nut 2 x 1 mm, oblong-ovoid, obtuse, smooth, white.

Similar Taxa

Frequently confused with Tetraria capillaris (F.Muell.) J.M.Black, a similar rush-like plant with very fine yellow-green culms, which often grows in association with S. carsei. From that genus and species, S. carsei differs by its wider culms, larger panciles bearing more numerous flowers and by the rhacilla of the spikelet flexuous (wavy), short between sterile nodes and elongated between the fertile nodes.

Flowering

(September-)October to January

Fruiting

December-May

Propagation Technique

Can be grown from the division of whole plants and probably from fresh seed. Dislikes root disturbance and requires permanently waterlogged substrates

Threats

Threatened by wetland drainage, eutrophication, modification and the spread of naturalised wetland weeds. There are few recent records, and the majority of these come form the Whangamarino and Opuatia wetlands in the Huntly Basin.

Chromosome No.

2n = c.60

Endemic Taxon

No

Endemic Genus

No

Endemic Family

No

Where To Buy

Not commercially available.

Attribution

Fact Sheet by P.J. de Lange (28 July 2005). Description adapted from Moore and Edgar (1970).

References and further reading

Gardner, R.O. 1998. Schoenus carsei and Tetraria capillaris. Auckland Botanical Society Journal, 53: 38-40.

Gardner, R.O. 1998. Schoenus carsei revisited. Auckland Botanical Society Journal, 53: 56-57.

Moore, L.B.; Edgar, E. 1970: Flora of New Zealand. Vol. II. Government Printer, Wellington.

This page last updated on 27 Feb 2015