Species

Thismia rodwayi

Etymology

Thismia: Thismia is an anagram of the legume genus Smithia. Smithia honours Sir James Edward Smith (1759-1828) co-founder and first president of the Linneaen Society of London,botanist and physician.
rodwayi: In honour of Leonard Rodway (1853-1936) a London trained dentist who arrived in Hobart in 1880. Remembered for his contribution to the study of Tasmanian botany.Leonard served as honorary government botanist from 1896 to 1932 and during this time he produced The Tasmanian Flora (1903) which became a standard reference for forty years.

Common Name(s)

Thismia

Current Conservation Status

2012 - At Risk - Naturally Uncommon

Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2012
The conservation status of all known New Zealand vascular plant taxa at the rank of species and below were reassessed in 2012 using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS). This report includes a statistical summary and brief notes on changes since 2009 and replaces all previous NZTCS lists for vascular plants. Authors: Peter J. de Lange, Jeremy R. Rolfe, Paul D. Champion, Shannel P. Courtney, Peter B. Heenan, John W. Barkla, Ewen K. Cameron, David A. Norton and Rodney A. Hitchmough. File size: 792KB

Previous Conservation Status

2009 - At Risk - Naturally Uncommon
2004 - Sparse

Qualifiers

2012 - DP, Sp, T?O
2009 - DP, SO, EF

Authority

Thismia rodwayi F.Muell.

Family

Thismiaceae

Flora Category

Vascular - Native

Structural Class

Monocotyledonous Herbs

Synonyms

Bagnisia hillii Cheeseman; Sacrosiphon rodwayi (F. Muell.) Schlt.

Distribution

Indigenous. In New Zealand recorded only from the North Island where it has been reported from near the Hokianga Harbour, Waipoua and Trounson Forest, Hakarimata Range, Mt Pirongia, Te Kauri Scenic Reserve, Walter Scott Reserve, near Taumarunui, Taurewa, near Ketetahi Springs (Tongariro), Taurewa, and at Opepe Scenic Reserve. Easily overlooked. Present in Australia.

Habitat

A saprophytic plant that has been found in coastal to montane forest and shrubland, where it usually grows in deep leaf litter near the base of trees. It has been found in association with a wide variety of tree and shrub species but most recent records come from cut over forest margins or regenerating forest.

Features

Saprophytic, reddish, pinkish or pinkish-white glabrous plant growing within deep leaf litter. Roots sparse, 1-1.5 mm diameter, branching at 10-20 mm intervals, with each fork producing an unbranched erect set 5-20 mm long. Scale leaves sparse, ovate, acute with the largest three just below flower, these 5 x 2 mm. Flower up to 20 mm long, solitary, terminal red, red-orange rarely white with orange striping. Perianth-tube 10 x 8 mm, turbinate, translucent; outer lobes 4 x 1 mm, narrow-triangular, erect or reflexed; inner lobes 4-5 x 2.5 mm, arching inwards and firmly connate above to form a mitre with broad fenestrae in its sides, the projecting keel of the inner lobe produced into a free appendage that varies in length. Stamens pendent from short, usually red annulus; free filaments short, incurved; anthers broader and connate into a pale tube that reaches halfway down perianth-tube; pollen sacs small, widely separated; connectives delicately membranous and elaborately lobed. Nectaries 6, below anthers, each lying on the line of junction of 2 adjacent connectives and enclosed within a membranous pouch. Ovary short-turbinate, 1.5 x 2 mm, upper surface concave; style stout, 1 mm.; stigmas truncate-obovate, bilobed; ovules with long funicles, crowded on stalked placentae. Fruit fleshy, the upper portion becoming chartaceous and transparent at maturity to expose numerous brown seeds.

Similar Taxa

None.

Flowering

November - February

Flower Colours

Orange,Red / Pink

Fruiting

December - March

Propagation Technique

A saprophytic plant which will not grow in cultivation. Should not be removed from the wild.

Threats

An apparently naturally uncommon, biologically sparse species. However, it is extremely small, usually occurring partially buried in leaf litter, and so it is often mistaken for a fungus. It is probably more overlooked than it is truly uncommon. This species is often found by accident in leaf litter.

Endemic Taxon

No

Endemic Genus

No

Endemic Family

No

Where To Buy

Not commercially available.

Attribution

Fact Sheet Prepared by P.J. de Lange (1 August 2004). Description based on Moore & Edgar (1961).

References and further reading

Bell, R. 1971. Thismia rodwayi at Pirongia. Wellington Botanical Society Bulletin, 37: 67 

Moore, L.B.; Edgar, E. 1970: Flora of New Zealand. Vol. II. Government Printer, Wellington.

Steele, R.H. 1966. Note on the occurrence of Thismia Rodwayi F. Muell. at Taurewa, North Island, New Zealand. Tuatara 14 (3)

This page last updated on 19 May 2014